Cloud PointField Guide

Optical phenomenon — scattering

Crepuscular rays

Sunbeams fanning through gaps in cloud

Written by Laurence WayneEntry No. 15Common

Crepuscular rays: Sunbeams fanning through gaps in cloud
Plate XVPhotograph by Brocken Inaglory, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Crepuscular rays are the dramatic shafts of sunlight that seem to fan out across the sky when a low sun shines through gaps in cloud or below the horizon. The beams become visible because dust and moisture in the air scatter the light back to your eye, while the shadowed lanes between them stay dark. They are at their best in the hazy air of late afternoon and around sunrise.

Worth knowing

  • Although they seem to splay outward from the sun, crepuscular rays are very nearly parallel — they only appear to fan out because of perspective, the same trick that makes railway tracks seem to meet in the distance.
Note

Still unsure it's the same cloud? Our app, Cloud Point— on iOS and Android — reads a photo and returns the likely type with altitude, useful when a formation is fading faster than you can look it up.

Test yourselfThree levels

Choose a difficulty

What are crepuscular rays?

  1. aBright shafts of sunlight fanning out from behind a cloud or the horizon
  2. bA coloured ring around the moon
  3. cA cloud that glows after dark
  4. dA row of wave-shaped clouds
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AnswerBright shafts of sunlight fanning out from behind a cloud or the horizon

Crepuscular rays are the visible shafts of sunlight that radiate from gaps in cloud, or from below the horizon, when the sun is low.

Why are the shafts of a crepuscular ray visible at all?

  1. aThe beams are solid columns of cloud
  2. bDust and moisture in the air scatter the sunlight back to your eye, while the shadowed lanes stay dark
  3. cThe sun heats the air until it glows
  4. dLightning lights up the beams
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AnswerDust and moisture in the air scatter the sunlight back to your eye, while the shadowed lanes stay dark

Particles of haze, dust and moisture along each sunbeam scatter light toward you, making the beam visible; the shadowed air between the beams stays dark, giving the striped effect.

Crepuscular rays are only visible when the air holds something extra. What, and why?

  1. aNothing — they show just as clearly in perfectly clean air
  2. bHaze, dust or droplets, which scatter sunlight sideways into your eye and pick out the beams
  3. cIce crystals, which refract the beams into colours
  4. dOzone, which fluoresces in the sunlight
Show answer

AnswerHaze, dust or droplets, which scatter sunlight sideways into your eye and pick out the beams

The shafts are only seen because aerosols and droplets scatter their light towards you; in genuinely clean air the rays would be invisible.

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